Carbon Markets: Scale, Trust & Value Distribution
- Who captures most of the value in current carbon market structures, is it the farmer, or is value being extracted at the aggregation, verification, and corporate procurement layers before it reaches the farm gate?
- What breaks first at scale in carbon markets, trust in the underlying methodology, pricing mechanisms that cannot reflect the true cost of permanence, or verification systems that were never designed for agricultural complexity?
- Do carbon markets meaningfully change farming behaviour at field level, or do they primarily function as a corporate reporting mechanism with limited impact on how land is managed?
- Can carbon markets function credibly across the heterogeneous smallholder and dryland systems of the Global South, where verification is expensive?
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